Essential Hypertension Etiology

Apr 3rd, 10 / 0 Comments /

PREGNANCY AND SAFE MOTHERHOOD

Introduction

Very often in a developing country, every minute of every day a woman dies from pregnancy-related complications. For all women who die, 30 to 50 percent of women suffer injuries, infections or other complications. complications Nearly 15% of these are potentially life threatening and require immediate obstetric care. Therefore, safe motherhood can be achieved by providing maternal services of high quality health care to all women during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum period.

Maternal mortality

Most maternal deaths due to medical reasons following key:

1. bleeding (hemorrhage);

2. Infection;

3. Complications of unsafe abortion;

4. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and

5. Obstructed labor.

Signs warning during pregnancy:

1. The lack of weight gain (at least 6 kilos will be acquired during pregnancy)

2. Anemia, or paleness inside of the eyelids (healthy eyelids are red or pink)

3. Unusual swelling of the legs, arms or face

4. Fetal Movement is very little or nothing at all.

Therefore, a pregnant woman needs to be checked at a clinic or health center at least four times during each pregnancy. It is also important to seek the advice of a skilled birth attendant (eg doctor, nurse or midwife), near where the baby is born. Pregnant women should be properly educated so you can take care of herself and her baby.

However, a pregnant woman is susceptible to all the possible diseases that a normal human being can find. Therefore, if there is any disorder during pregnancy, the situation can be managed under the guidance of the good doctor.

Given the above, in Ayurveda, Kashyap samhita has two chapters in this area. Samhita has gotten Harita slimming nausea, vomiting, edema, fever, anorexia, diarrhea, etc. According to Sushruta Samhita discoloration, pregnant women are prone to facial paralysis. Just Charaka Samhita and so Vagbhata have also suggested that the pressure caused by the increasing number of fetus in cases of hemorrhoids and edema.

According to Charaka (C. 1000 BC), pregnant women should be treated with gentle, sweet, cold drugs, dietary and behavior nice soft. She should not be given an emetic and purgative.

Exercise and drug use should be avoided spicy (Charaka Sutra Sthan 25/40).

According to Harita (-12 10 Cent. AD), Bilva unripe fruit (Aegle marmelos Corr) Mixed with curd and sugar is always beneficial.

There are certain diseases which treatment in the initial phase are prevented from becoming a major disruption at a later stage. The treatment of such diseases are listed below:

Line treatment in different months of gestation:

During the fourth month of pregnancy: In this sense, if women suffering from any disease of vata, urinary retention, pain, etc., then the castor oil with milk should be given (khil Sthan Kashyap, 10).

During the fifth month: Evacuative enema and nutritional enema containing sour, salty and sweet drug substance should be given (Kashyap Sthan khil, 10).

During the sixth month: In case of lymphadenitis, furunculous, inflammation, abscess, the use of cautery and surgery should be done (khil Sthan Kashyap, 10).

During the seventh month: If there is no flesh bulging then their removal should be done with the help of surgery or cauterization (khil Sthan Kashyap, 10).

General disorder during pregnancy and its management:

1. Vomiting:

Vomiting associated with pregnancy is classified simple as vomiting of pregnancy (milder type) and

Hyperemesis gravidarum (severe type). Mild vomiting is common in early pregnancy (about 50%). You can however, occur at any time in the day, usually occurs in the morning. It produces no deterioration of health or restrict the normal activities of women and disappeared with or without treatment for 12-14 weeks of pregnancy.

It can be administered to avoid fatty and spicy foods. The patient is advised to take plenty of fluids (2.5l in 24 hours.) and fruit juices.

Hyperemesis gravidarum is severe type of vomiting of pregnancy has deleterious effects on health of the mother in the day to day activities. The etiology is obscure, but the following are the known facts:

"It is mainly confined to the first quarter.

"It is more common during the first pregnancy.

"He has a family history.

"There is more prevalent in hydatidiform mole and pregnancy manifold.

"It is more common in vata vaigunya, breach of dauhrida stage (eg breach of the desired substance by the mother during pregnancy)

Management:

To correct the body fluids and other metabolic disorders.

Nutritional support should be administered with a balanced diet rich.

Nursing care: understanding but firm handling of the patient is essential.

Some drugs useful:

Paste Dhanyaka (Coriandrum sativum Linn.) Mixed rice water and sugar should be given (Yogratnakar, Chain rog Sthan Chikitsa).

Roasted barley flour mixed with decoction Sunthi (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) And Bilva (Aegle marmelos Corr) (Yogratnakar, Chain Sthan chikitsa rog).

2. Pre-eclampsia toxemia: A multi-system disorder of unknown etiology characterized by the development of hypertension in the measurement of 140/90mm Hg, with proteinuria after 20 weeks. May appear even before the 20th week as in the case of hydatidiform mole and poly acute hydramnios.

Demonstration of pitting edema in the ankles after 12 hours. bed rest, rapid weight gain over a pound a week or more than 5 pounds per month of pregnancy earliest evidence of preeclampsia.

There is increased association of preeclampsia with primigravida, family history, placental abnormalities, and thrombophilia genetic disorder.

Management: While the etiology is obscure treatment is largely empirical and symptomatic.

The diet should contain adequate protein (about 100gm). The salt and fluid intake is not restricted. Total calories about 1600 cal / day.

In favorable cases, there are drop in blood pressure and the sinking weight of edema. urine output increases with decreasing proteinuria, if previously present.

In unfavorable cases, definitive treatment of preeclampsia is termination of pregnancy through which the mother was unable to save.

3. Eclampsia:

Pre-eclampsia when complicated with seizures and / or coma is called as eclampsia. The causes of cerebral irritation leading to convulsions are not clear. The Irritation can be caused by anoxia (spasm of cerebral vessels after hypertension). Cerebral edema may also contribute to cerebral irritation, which increases the arrhythmia following anoxia / swelling.

Management:

The patient should be placed in a cradle criticized in an isolated room.

Anticonvulsant and sedative regimen should be used.

4. Fever:

Fever in pregnant women is more problematic disease and the fetus is also suffering due to the transfer of heat from the fever of the mother. If fever occurs before 4th month should be advised to fast for one day, followed by use of drinkable free of fat and salt. She must take stock of rice cereal followed by only with soups and medicine should not be given. Lekha karma (The action makes the light of the body) could be used if it occurs after the 4th month (Khil Sthan Kashyap, 10).

In Jwara Taruna (Recent fever), massage oil, nasal drops and drugs sternutatory (Causing sneezing) should be avoided because they affect the fetus so it is rigid or immobile (Kashyap, khil Sthan 10/18).

Just emesis mode produces abnormalities in the fetus, abortion and other serious disorders (Charka, Sthan siddhi 2 / 9).

General treatment:

Decoction Chandan (Santalum album Linn.) Sariva (Hemidesmus indicus R.Br.), Lodhran (Symplocos racemosa Roxb.) & Mardvika (Vitis vinifera Linn.) Mixed with sugar should be given. (Yogratnakar, Chain Sthan chikitsa rog).

decoction Hriberadi prescribed for diarrhea is also beneficial (Kashyap, khil sthan.10).

5. Diarrhoea during pregnancy:

dietary abnormalities, the use of ripe fruits and contaminated water, fear, pain, psychological trauma etc, wasting and because to illness or other body doshas can cause diarrhea with anyone. However, during pregnancy the presence of at least events can cause diarrhea.

Management:

Gastrointestinal drugs should be prescribed when the diarrhea has sufficient amount of mucus in the stool and constipation drug should be prescribed stool does not contain Boxing mucosa.

Hriberadi Kalyanakawaleha and cooking is beneficial in all types of diarrhea (Kashyap, khil sthan.10).

6. Epilepsy:

In this, the incidence of fetal malformations and still increasing birth. The malformations included cleft lip and palate, mental retardation, abnormal heart, limb defect. There is little chance of neonatal hemorrhage. There is also a risk of developing epilepsy to children of epileptic mother.

Management:

-Lemon juice mixed with rock salt and vine.

Agnimantha-Decoction (Premna mucronata Roxb.)

"The quail meat soup mixed with grease.

7. Jaundice:

When the bilirubin level serum greater than 2 mg% (normal is 0.2% -. 8 mg), visible patches appear yellow tissues. Its overall incidence in India is 1-4% per 1000 births.

It may be due to severe preeclampsia, eclampsia, acute fatty liver (acute yellow atrophy of the liver), severe hyperemesis gravidarum, intrahepatic cholestasis is second most common cause of jaundice in pregnancy, the first of viral infection.

Management:

Prsniparni-Decoction (Uraria picta Desv.), Bala (Sida cordifolia Linn.) And vasa (Adhatoda Vasic Nees) should be given (Yogratnakar, rog Sthan chikitsa STRI).

"The use of Pippali (Piper longum Linn.) And the root of ankotha (Alangium salvifolium Linn.f.) juice mixed with horse dung and buffalo milk ricotta is beneficial (Kashyap, Sthan Chikitsa. 2 / 6).

8. Heart pain:

In the 32nd week of pregnancy the pressure on the heart is the highest and over time is increasing. In such cases, the patient needs special care.

We may use Pippali powder (Piper longum Linn.) With pulp Patra (Digitalis purpurea Linn.) Coca (Coffea arabica Linn.) And priyangu (Swietenia Callicarpa Vahl.) Mixed with lemon juice (Citrus medica Linn.). (Kashyap, khil sthan.10).

9. Tuberculosis:

The incidence ranges from 1-2% of births in hospitals in the tropics, and is limited the most under privileged sections of society. The incidence of tuberculosis is also increasing worldwide with the growing prevalence of infected patients HIV-positive family histories of alcohol addiction etc. intravenous drug abuse are also responsible for this.

Management:

- A electuary made Maricha (Piper nigrum Linn.) Bharngi (Clerodendrum serratum Linn.), And Pippali (Piper longum Linn.) Mixed with lemon juice should be given (Kashyap, khil sthan.10).

- If associated with a trauma then made use of a electuary with Madhuka (Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn.) Sankhapushpi (Convolvulus Chois pluricaulis.) Jiva (Leptadenia reticulate W. & A.) sugar and honey should be used (Kashyap, khil sthan.10).

- Pippalyadi Leha is also useful (Kashyap, khil sthan.10).

10. Anemia:

It is the most common hematologic disorder that can occur during pregnancy. According to standard set by the WHO, anemia in pregnancy occurs when the concentration of hemoglobin in the peripheral blood is 11gm/100ml or less. During pregnancy, plasma volume expansion (up around 32nd week) as a result of dilution of hemoglobin, leading to the fall in hemoglobin concentration.

Because pre-eclampsia, anemia, recurrent infections, heart failure at 30-32 weeks of pregnancy and preterm birth can happen.

General treatment:

1. A realistic balance diet rich in protein and vitamins is prescribed.

2. To improve appetite and aid in digestion, some medicines that could be cited, as the use of powdered Pippali, pippalimula (Piper longum Linn root.) Mustak (Cyperus rotundus Linn.) milk sugar or honey. (Kashyap, Chitiksa Sthan. 02/13)

3. Effective therapy to cure the disease contribute the cause of anemia.

Special Treatment: The main is to raise the hemoglobin level to normal as far as possible. Subsequently an attempt is made to restore the iron, before the patient is at work.

11. Acute pain in the abdomen:

A certain amount of abdominal pain is common during pregnancy. In approximately 80% of women who are pregnant, back pain is present. The etiology of pain may be related to a combination of mechanical factors contributing to metabolic, cardiovascular and psychosomatic and social. The fact that one third of patients experience pain starting in the first quarter, when mechanical forces are not a significant force, indicating highly the more likely it is due to a change in hormonal influences. Patients are instructed to avoid excessive weight gain, exercise to strengthen back muscles, maintain proper posture and wear comfortable shoes (no high heels).

Pregnancy is one of the most beautiful aspects of womanhood. Every pregnancy, every child born is a special opportunity for a woman to discover within it a great strength and flexibility. She can discover the great power however, their delivery capability, his great compassion even a landslide, most importantly, their greater capacity to love.

In conclusion, considering all disorders and its management mentioned above, it can be argued that if the fetus and the pregnant women are attended during each of the nine months, not only can control all possible disorders, but also can help the mother and child to live a healthy and happy life.

Reference:

1. Charaka Samhita: Charak Samhita of Agnivesh, elaborate by Charak, written by Drdhabala (vol.-1), edited by "Vaidyamanorama" Hindi Commentry Along with special deliberation by Vidyadhar Shukla Acharya etc. and Professor Ravi Dutt Tripathi, Forward by Priya Vrata Sharma Acharya, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratishthan, Delhi, (2002).

2. Dutta DC: Textbook of Obstetrics, Sixth Edi., New Central Book Agency (P) LTD., Calcutta, (2004).

3. Tewari PV: Evam Striroga Prasutitantra Ayurveda (Part 1) PrasutiTantra (Obstetrics), Prof. (km) Premvati Tewari, Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi (2003).

4. PV Tewari: Kashyap Samhita, (1 ed.) Viswabharati Chaukhambha Prakashan, Varanasi (1996).

5. Harita Samhita: Harit Samhita, "Hari" Commentry Hindi by Pandit HariharPrasad Tripathi, Chaukhambha Krishndas Academy, Varanasi (2005).

Sushruta Samhita 6: Maharsi Sushruta Samhita of Sushruta, edited with Ayurveda-Tattva-Sandipika, Hindi Commentary scientific analysis, notes, etc, AmbikaDutta Kaviraja Shastri, AMS (part-1) Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi, (2004).

7 Yogratnakar: Yogaratnakara with "Hindi Commentry Vidyotini" by Vaidya Laksmipati Sastri, Sastri Edited by Bhisagratna Brahmasankar, Chaukhambha Prakashan, Varanasi (2008).

8. Kashyap samhita: The samhita Kashyap or (Vrddhajivakiya Tantra) by Vrddha Jivaka revised by Vatsyayana, Introduction to Sanskrit, for Nepal Rajaguru "Pandit Hemaraja Sarma" with the "Vidyotini" Hindi commentary and Hindi translation of Sanskrit Ayurvedalankar Introduction, "Sri Satyapal Bhisagacharya" Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi (2008).

9. Vaghbata: A. Astanga Hrdayam of Srimad Vagbhata, edited by "Nirmala Review Hindi", along with special delibration etc. By Dr. Brahmananda Tripathi, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratishthan, Delhi (2007).

B. Astanga Samgraha with Hindi Comment (Vol.1) by Kaviraj Atrideva Vidyalankar Gupta, Bhishagratna. Prologue NandaKishor Rajvaidya Sri Pandit Sharma, Bhishagacarya, Chowkhambha Krishnas Academy, Varanasi (2005).

From: -

Dr. Vandana Sharma (BAMS and NDDY)

Medical Officer

About the Author

1.BAMS from Rajasthan University,Jaipur.
2.NDDY from Delhi.
3.Presently working as a Medical Officer.
Also, presented various papers in National and International seminar.

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