Cirrhosis | Causes and Treatment of Liver Diseases
What is cirrhosis?
Cirrhosis It is a condition in which the liver deteriorates gradually and malfunction due to chronic injury. The scar tissue replaces healthy liver tissue, blocking partial blood flow through the liver. Scarring also impairs the liver's ability to:
* Infection Control
* Eliminate the bacteria and toxins from the blood
* Process nutrients, hormones and drugs
* Do the proteins that regulate blood clotting
* Produces bile to help absorb fats, including cholesterol and fat-soluble vitamins
How is cirrhosis?
Treatment for cirrhosis depends on the cause of the disease and complications if present. The goals of treatment are to slow the progression of scar tissue in the liver and prevent or treat complications of the disease. Hospitalization may be necessary to cirrhosis with complications.
Eating a nutritious diet. Because malnutrition is common in people with cirrhosis, a diet healthy is important at all stages of the disease. Doctors recommend a diet plan that is well balanced. If ascites develops, a restricted diet sodium is recommended. A person with cirrhosis should not eat raw shellfish, which may contain a bacterium that causes serious infections. To improve nutrition, your doctor may add a liquid supplement by mouth or through a nasogastric tube, a small tube inserted through the nose and throat into the stomach.
Avoid alcohol and other substances. People with cirrhosis are encouraged not to consume any alcohol or illicit substances, both of which cause more liver damage. Because many vitamins and prescription drugs-and over-the-counter can affect liver function, the physician should be consulted before taking them.
Treatment for cirrhosis also addresses specific complications. For edema and ascites, the doctor will recommend diuretics drugs to remove fluid from the body. Large amounts of ascites can be removed from the abdomen and analyzed bacterial peritonitis. Oral antibiotics may be prescribed to prevent infection. Ascites serious infections require intravenous (IV) antibiotics.
The doctor may prescribe a beta blocker or nitrate of portal hypertension. Beta-blockers can reduce pressure on varicose veins and reduce the risk of bleeding. gastrointestinal bleeding requires immediate upper endoscopy in search of esophageal varices. The doctor may do a tie-band using a special device to compress the varices and stop bleeding. People who have varicose veins in the past may need to take medication to prevent future episodes.
What causes cirrhosis?
Cirrhosis has many causes. In the United States, excessive alcohol consumption and chronic hepatitis C have been the causes Frequently cirrhosis. Obesity is becoming a common cause of cirrhosis, either as the sole cause or in combination with alcohol, hepatitis C, or both. Many people with cirrhosis have more than one cause of liver damage.
Cirrhosis is not caused by trauma to the liver or other Acute or short-term, the causes of the damage. Typically, years of chronic injury required to cause cirrhosis.
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Alcohol-related liver disease. Most people who consume alcohol do not suffer liver damage. But overuse alcohol for several years can cause chronic injury to the liver. The amount of alcohol it takes to damage the liver varies greatly from person to person. For women, drinking two to three drinks, including beer and wine per day and men three to four drinks a day may lead to liver damage and cirrhosis. In the past, alcohol-related cirrhosis resulted in more deaths than cirrhosis due to other causes. Deaths caused by obesity-related cirrhosis are increasing.
Chronic hepatitis C. The hepatitis C is a liver infection that is spread by contact with blood from an infected person. Hepatitis C causes chronic inflammation and liver damage over time can lead to cirrhosis.
Chronic hepatitis B and D. The Hepatitis B is a liver infection that is spread by contact with an infected person's blood, semen, or bodily fluids. Hepatitis B, like hepatitis C, causes liver inflammation and damage that can lead to cirrhosis. The hepatitis B vaccine is given to all children and many adults to prevent the virus. Hepatitis D is another virus that infects the liver and can lead to cirrhosis, but only occurs in people who already have hepatitis B.
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USMLE COMLEX Board Review of Ascites
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